Argentine Black and White Tegu Care Guide

The Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) is one of the most popular tegu species kept in captivity. Known for their intelligence, calm temperament, and striking black-and-white colouration, these large lizards make rewarding pets for experienced keepers. They are highly interactive and can even develop dog-like personalities with proper care and socialisation.

However, Argentine tegus are a long-term commitment due to their size, diet, and housing requirements. If you’re considering adding one to your home, this guide will help you understand everything you need to know about their care, diet, housing, and handling.

What is an Argentine Black and White Tegu?

The Argentine black and white tegu is a large, powerful lizard native to South America, particularly Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. Adults can grow up to 120–140 cm in length and weigh up to 8–10 kg, with males being larger and more robust than females.

These tegus are known for their high level of intelligence and are among the most trainable reptiles. They can recognise their owners, respond to positive interactions, and even learn routines like toilet training.

In captivity, they can live for 15–20 years with proper care.

Sourcing and Selecting an Argentine Tegu

Choosing a healthy tegu from a reliable source is crucial for long-term success.

Where to Buy

• Reputable breeders: Captive-bred tegus are generally healthier, more socialised, and better suited for life in captivity.
• Specialist reptile shops: Some UK reptile shops stock Argentine tegus, but ensure they prioritise animal welfare.
• Rescue centres: Consider adopting a tegu that needs a home.

Avoid wild-caught tegus, as they are often stressed, aggressive, and carry parasites.

What to Look For

When selecting a tegu, check for these signs of good health:

• Bright, clear eyes with no discharge
• Smooth, clean skin with no retained shed
• A full, muscular body
• Active and alert behaviour
• No wheezing, nasal discharge, or other signs of respiratory issues

Housing and Enclosure Setup

Argentine black and white tegus are large and highly active, requiring a spacious and secure enclosure. A small vivarium won’t be suitable — you’ll need a large, custom-built or commercial enclosure.

Enclosure Size

For an adult Argentine tegu, the minimum recommended enclosure size is 240 cm (L) x 120 cm (W) x 90 cm (H). The more space you can provide, the better, as these lizards love to explore and dig.

Substrate

A deep, moisture-retaining substrate is essential for burrowing and maintaining humidity. Suitable options include:

• Coconut coir and play sand mix
• Cypress mulch
• Organic topsoil (pesticide-free)

Provide at least 30 cm of substrate depth for digging and burrowing. Keep it slightly moist to maintain proper humidity levels.

Heating and Lighting

Tegus are ectothermic, meaning they rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature.

• Basking spot temperature: 40–45°C
• Ambient temperature: 25–30°C
• Night-time temperature: 20–24°C

Use a combination of basking bulbs and ceramic heat emitters.

UVB lighting is essential for synthesising vitamin D3 and preventing metabolic bone disease. Use a 10–12% UVB bulb, and replace it every six months.

Humidity

Maintain humidity levels between 60–80%. Regular misting and providing a large water dish will help keep humidity levels stable. Use a hygrometer to monitor humidity.

Diet and Nutrition

Argentine tegus are omnivores and require a varied diet of animal protein, fruits, and vegetables. A well-balanced diet is crucial to prevent obesity and other health issues.

Staple Foods

• Lean meats (chicken, turkey, fish)
• Eggs (hard-boiled or scrambled)
• Insects (crickets, dubia roaches, locusts)
• Fruits (blueberries, strawberries, mango, papaya)
• Vegetables (collard greens, dandelion greens, squash, carrots)

Occasional Treats

• Pinkie mice or small rodents (in moderation)
• Snails

Supplementation

Dust their food with calcium powder with vitamin D3 three times a week and a multivitamin supplement once a week. Always provide fresh water in a large dish and change it daily.

Handling and Behaviour

Argentine tegus are known for their calm, curious nature and can become incredibly tame with regular handling. They are one of the most interactive reptiles and often seek out attention from their keepers.

Tips for Handling

• Start handling your tegu from a young age using short, gentle sessions.
• Support their entire body, especially their legs and tail.
• Allow them to approach you rather than grabbing them.
• Use positive reinforcement, such as food rewards, to build trust.

With time and consistency, most Argentine tegus will tolerate and even enjoy human interaction.

Common Health Issues

Argentine tegus are hardy reptiles, but improper care can lead to health problems. Knowing the signs of illness early is crucial.

Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD)

Caused by calcium deficiency and inadequate UVB exposure. Symptoms include lethargy, soft or deformed bones, and difficulty moving.

Respiratory Infections

Often caused by incorrect humidity or temperature. Symptoms include wheezing, open-mouth breathing, and nasal discharge.

Obesity

Tegus can easily become obese if overfed or given too many fatty foods. Monitor their diet and weight closely.

Parasites

Internal parasites are more common in wild-caught tegus. Symptoms include diarrhoea, lethargy, and weight loss. A faecal test by a reptile vet can detect parasites early.

If you notice any signs of illness, consult a reptile specialist vet immediately.

Specialist Vet Care

Argentine tegus do not require vaccinations, but regular health checks are essential for maintaining their well-being.

Routine Health Checks

An annual visit to a reptile vet is recommended. This should include a physical examination and a faecal test for parasites.

Emergency Situations

Seek immediate veterinary care if your tegu shows signs of:

• Significant weight loss
• Persistent lethargy or refusal to eat
• Difficulty breathing or wheezing
• Visible injuries or swollen limbs

Care and Maintenance

Maintaining a clean and well-regulated enclosure is crucial for your tegu’s health.

Daily Tasks

• Check temperatures and humidity levels
• Remove uneaten food and spot-clean waste
• Ensure fresh water is available

Weekly Tasks

• Clean and disinfect water dishes and hides
• Inspect heating and lighting equipment

Monthly Tasks

• Deep-clean the enclosure and replace substrate if needed
• Replace UVB bulbs every six months

Final Thoughts

Argentine black and white tegus are intelligent, powerful, and highly rewarding pets for keepers willing to meet their care requirements. They require a large enclosure, a varied diet, and regular interaction to thrive. For experienced reptile keepers, these lizards can become affectionate, engaging companions.

By following this guide, you’ll be well-prepared to provide your Argentine tegu with the best care possible and enjoy a long, healthy life together.